By summarizing the current evidence on breast cancer screening in Chinese women, referring to the latest breast cancer screening guidelines of Western and East Asian countries, and considering the present social and economic conditions in China, the guideline development group (GDG) formulated the population-based breast cancer screening guideline for women at average-risk and those at high-risk, respectively. The guideline provides recommendations for breast cancer screening according to the following three aspects: age of screening, screening methods, and screening interval.